TAYAMMUM KA BAYAAN
- QURAN:
“Agar tum bimaar ho ya safar mein ho ya tum mein ka koi pakhana se aaya ya aurto se mubashirat ki (jima kiya) aur Paani na paao to paak mitti ka qasd karo to apne muh aur haatho ka us se masah karo.”
(SURAH MAIDAH, AYAT NO 6)
- HADITH:
Hazrat Huzaifa رضي الله تعالى عنه bayaan karte hai ki Rasulallah ﷺ ne farmaya: Hume aur Insaano par 3 wajeh se fazilat di gayi hai.
1.Hamari saffe farishto ki saffo ki tarah bana di gayi.
2. Hamare liye tamaam rue zameen masjid bana di gayi.
3. Zameen ki mitti paani na milne ke waqt hamare liye paak karne wali bana di gayi.
(SAHIH MUSLIM, KITAB UL MASAJID WA MAWADHIS SALAAT, HADITH NO 1165)
TAYAMMUM MEIN 3 FARZ HAI:
- NIYAT: Agar kisi ne haath mitti par maar kar muh aur haatho par pher liya aur niyat na ki Tayammum na hoga.
- SAARE MUH PAR HAATH PHERNA: Is tarah ke koi hissa baaqi rah na jaaye agar baal barabar bhi koi jagah reh gayi Tayammum na hoga.
- DONO HAATH KA KOHNIYO SAMAIT MASAH KARNA: Us mein bhi ye khayal rahe ki zarrah barabar baaqi na rahe warna Tayammum na hoga.
TAYAMMUM KA SUNNAT TAREEQA :
- Tayammum ki niyat kijiye (FARZ)
(Niyat dil ke irade ka naam hai, Zaban se bhi kah le to behtar hai)
Masalan yu kahiye: bay wuzu`i ya bay ghusli ya donon say paaki haasil karne aur Namaz jaiz hone ke liye Tayammum karta hoon)
2. Bismillah hir rahman nir raheem ke kar shuru kare (SUNNAT)
3. Ab dono haathon ki ungliyan kushadah kar ke kisi aisi paak cheez par jo zameen ki qism (Masalan Patthar, Choona, Eent, Deewaar, Mitti wagairah) se ho maar kar laut lijiye (Ya’ni aagay barrhaiye aur peechay laiye) aur agar Ziyadah gard lag jaye to jhadh lijiye. (SUNNAT)
4. Ab muh par haath is tarah phere ke koi hissa baaqi rah na jaaye agar baal barabar bhi koi jagah reh gayi Tayammum na hoga. (FARZ)
5. Phir dusri baar isi tarah zameen par maar kar donon haathon ka nakhuno say lay kaar kuhniyon samayt mash kijiye, is ka behtar tareeqah yeh hay kay ultay haath kay ungothay kay ‘ilawah chaar ungliyon ka payt seedhay haath ki pusht par Rakhiye aur ungliyon kay siron say kuhniyon tak lay jaiye aur phir wahan say ultay hi haath ki hatahayli say seedhay haath kay payt ko mass kartay huway gittay tak laiye aur ultay angothay kay payt say seedhay ungoothay ki pusht ka mash kijiye. Isi tarah seedhay haath say ultay haat ka mash kijiye. Aur agar aik dam poori hathayli aur ungliyon say mash kar liya tab bhi Tayammum ho jaye ga chaahay kuhni say ungliyon ki taraf laaye ya ungliyon say kuhni ki taraf lay gaye magar Sunnat kay khilaf huwa. (FARZ)
TAYAMMUM KI SUNNATE:
1) Bismillah keh kar shuru karna
2) Haatho ko Zameen par maarna
3) Ungliyaan khuli huwi rakhna
4) Haatho ko jaadh lena yaani ek haath ke anguthe ki jadh ko dusre haath ke anguthe ki jadh par maarna is tarah ki taali ki si awaaz aaye.
5) Pehle muh phir haatho ka masah karna
6) Pehle daahine haath phir baaye ka masah karna.
7) Dadhi ka khilaal karna
8) Ungliyo ka khilaal
(NOTE: Ungliyo ka khilaal jab sunnat hoga agar gubaar pohach gaya ho. Agar gubaar na pohcha maslan patthar wagairah kisi aisi cheez par haath maara jis par gubaar na ho to khilaal FARZ hai.)
[ BAHARE SHARIAT, JILD 1, HISSA 2, TAYYAMUM KA BAYAAN, PG 356]
TAYAMMUM KIN CHEEZO SE TOOT TAA HAI
1) Jin cheezo se wuzu tutta hai ya gusl wajib hota hai unse Tayammum bhi jata rahega aur alawa unke paani par qadir hone se bhi Tayammum tut jayega.
(FATAWA HINDIYA, KITAB UL TAHARAH, JILD 1, PG 29)
2) Mareez ne gusl ka Tayammum kiya tha aur ab itna tandrust ho gaya ke gusl se zar na phochega Tayammum jata raha.
(FATAWA HINDIYA, KITAB UL TAHARAH, JILD 1, PG 29)
3) Jis halat mein Tayammum na jaiz tha agar woh baade Tayammum payi gayi tayyamum tut gaya.
Jaise tayyamum wale ka aisi jagah guzar hua ke wahan se ek meal ke ander pani hai to tayyamum jata raha.
Yeh zaroori nahi ke paani ke paas hi phoch jaye.
4)Paani ke paas se sota hua guzra Tayammum na tuta.
(FATAWA HINDIYA, KITAB UL TAHARAH, JILD 1, PG 30)
Haan agar Tayammum wuzu ka tha aur neend is had ki hai jisse wuzu jata rahe to beshak Tayammum jata raha magar na us wajah se ke paani par guzra balki so jane se aur agar unghta hua paani par guzra aur paani ki itilah ho gayi to tut gaya warna nahi.
5)Paani par guzra aur apna Tayammum yaad nahi jab bhi Tayammum jata raha.
(FATAWA HINDIYA, KITAB UL TAHARAH, JILD 1, PG 30)
TAYAMMUM KE MASAAIL
Jis ka wudhu na ho ya nahane ki zaroorat ho aur paani par qudrat na ho (yaani paani kahi par bhi na mile) to wudhu wa gusl ki jagah Tayammum kare.
Paani par qudrat na hone ki chand surte hai:
(1) Aisi bimaari ho ki wudhu ya gusl se uske zyada hone ya der mein acha hone ka sahih andesha ho khwaan yu ke us ne khud aazmaaya ho ke jab wudhu ya gusl karta hai to bimaari badhti hai ya yu ki kisi musalman achhe layaq hakeem ne jo zahiran fasiq na ho keh diya ho ke paani nuksaan karega.
(FATAWA HINDIYA, KITAB UL TAHARAH, JILD 1, PG 28)
(2) Wahan chaaro taraf ek ek meel tak paani ka pata nahi.
(3) Itni sardi ho ke nahane se mar jaane ya bimaar hone ka qawi andesha ho aur lihaaf wagairah koi aisi cheez uske paas nahi jisse nahane ke baad odhe aur sardi ke zar se bache na Aag hai jisse taap sake to Tayammum jaiz hai.
(4) Dushman ka khauf ki agar usne dekh liya to maar daalega ya maal cheen lega ya us gareeb nadaar ka qarz khwaan hai ki usse qaid kara dega ya us taraf saanp hai woh kaat khayega ya sher hai ki phaad khayega ya koi badkaar shaks hai aur ye aurat ya mard hai jis ko apni be aabruyi ka gumaan sahih hai to Tayammum jaiz hai. (DURRE MUKHTAR WA RADDUL MUHTAAR, KITAB UL TAHARAH, BAAB UL TAYAMMUM, JILD 1, PG 444)
(5) Jungle mein dol rassi nahi ke paani bhare to Tayammum jaiz hai.
(FATAWA HINDIYA, KITAB UL TAHARAH, JILD 1, PG 28)
(6) Pyaas ka khauf yaani uske paas paani hai magar wudhu ya gusl karega to khud ya dusra musalmaan ya apna ya uska jaanwar agarche kutta jiska paalna jaiz hai pyasa reh jaayega aur apni ya un mein kisi ki pyaas khwaa filhaal maujood ho ya aainda us ka sahih andesha ho ki woh raah aisi hai ki dur tak paani ka pata nahi to Tayammum jaiz hai. (FATAWA HINDIYA, KITAB UL TAHARAH, JILD 1, PG 28)
(7) Paani gera hona yaani waha ke hisaab se jo qimat honi chahiye us se do chand maangta hai to Tayammum jaiz hai aur agar qimat mein itna farq nahi to Tayammum jaiz nahi.
(FATAWA HINDIYA, KITAB UL TAHARAH, JILD 1, PG 29)
(8) Ye gumaan ki paani talaash karne mein qafila nazro se gayab ho jaayega ya rail chhut jaayegi.
(BAHRUR RAAIQ , KITAB UL TAHARAH, BAAB UL TAYAMMUM, JILD 1, PG 243)
(9) Ye gumaan ke wudhu ya gusl karne mein eidain ki namaz jaati rahegi khwaan yu ki Imam padh kar farig ho jaayega ya zawaal ka waqt aa jaayega. Dono surto mein Tayammum jaiz hai.
(DURRE MUKHTAR WA RADDUL MUHTAAR, KITAB UL TAHARAH, BAAB UL TAYAMMUM, JILD 1, PG 456)
(10) Gair Wali ko Namaz e Janaza faut ho jaane ka khauf ho to Tayammum jaiz hai. Wali ko nahi ke us ka log intezaar karege aur log uski ijazat ke bagair padh bhi le to ye dobara padh sakta hai.
(FATAWA HINDIYA, KITAB UL TAHARAH, JILD 1, PG 31)
TAYAMMUM KE KUCH AHEM MASAAIL:
- Jo cheez aag se jal kar raakh hoti hai na pighalti hai na narm hoti hai woh zameen ki qism se hai us se Tayammum jayez hai. Rayta, Choona, surmah, Gandhak, Patthar (Marbal) zabarjad, fayrozah, ‘Aqeeq wagairah Jawahir se Tayammum jaiz hai chahe un par ghubaar ho ya na ho.
(BAHARE SHARIAT, JILD 1 , PG 357)
- Pakki eent, cheeni ya mitti ke bartan se Tayammum jaiz hai. Haan agar in par kisi aisi cheez ka jirm ya’ni tah ho jo jins-e-zameen se na ho masalan kaanch ka jirm ho to Tayammum jaiz nahin.
(BAHARE SHARIAT, JILD 1, PG 358)
‘Umoman Cheeni ke bartan par kaanch ki tah charrhi hoti hai us se Tayammum nahin ho sakta.
- Jis Mitti, patthar waghayrah se Tayammum kiya jaye us ka paak hona zaroori hai ya’ni na us par kisi najasat ka asar ho na yeh ho ke sirf khushk ho janay se najasat ka asar jata raha ho.
(BAHARE SHARIAT, JILD 1, PG 358)
Zameen, Deewar aur woh gard jo zameen par parri rahti hay agar na-pak ho jaye phir dhoop ya hawa say sookh jaye aur najasat ka asar khatm ho jaye to paak hai aur is par namaz jaiz hai magar is se Tayammum nahin ho sakta
- Agar kisi Lakdi, kapde ya dari wagairah par itni gard hai ke haath marne se ungliyon ka nishan ban jaye to is se Tayammum jayez hai.
(BAHARE SHARIAT, JILD 1, PG 359)
- Choona, mitti ya eenton ki deewaar khuwah ghar ki ho ya masjid ki us se Tayammum jaiz hai magar us par oil paint, plastic paint aur mate finish ya wallpaper wagairah koi aisi cheez nahin honi chahiye jo jins-e-zameen ke ‘ilawah ho, deewar par marbal ho to koi harj nahin.
- Hoonton ka woh hissah jo ‘aadatan munh band hone ki haalat main dikhaye dayta hai is par mash hona zaroori hai agar munh par haath pherte waqt kisi ne honton ko zor se daba liya ke kuch hissah mash hone se rah gaya to Tayammum nahin hoga. Isi tarah zor se aankhe band kar le jab bhi na ho ga.
(BAHARE SHARIAT, JILD 1, PG 355)
- Angoothi, ghadi wagairah pehne ho to utaar kar un ke neeche haath pherna farz hai. Islami behne bhi chudiyaan wagairah hata kar un ke neeche mash kare. Tayammum ki ihtiyatayn wuzu se badh kar hai.
(BAHARE SHARIAT, JILD 1, PG 355)